The hydraulic oil pipe is the blood vessel of the hydraulic system, responsible for transporting hydraulic oil to the designated working mechanism. Improper installation of oil pipes can not only cause trouble for maintenance, but also cause excessive pressure loss, noise, and other undesirable phenomena, and even cause "hemiplegia" and "complete paralysis" of the hydraulic system.

1、 Principles for installation and layout of hard pipes

When arranging pipelines, try to keep them away from parts requiring frequent maintenance.

2. In order to facilitate maintenance, hydraulic pipelines should be painted with different colors according to different pressures.

The pipe section between two fixed points should have at least one pipe to accommodate thermal expansion and contraction, and tight straight pipe connections should be avoided as much as possible. It is difficult to disassemble and assemble straight pipes. During work, the pipes will generate severe tensile pressure, which can easily lead to damage to pipe joints.

4. When configuring pipelines, it is necessary to consider cleanliness and aesthetics for easy maintenance. Pipelines should preferably be arranged in parallel with few intersections. Or a gap of at least 10mm should be left between parallel and intersecting pipes to prevent vibration caused by mutual contact of pipes, and sufficient space should be left for installing pipe heads.

The bending radius should generally be determined based on the outer diameter of the hard pipe, and the bending radius should be greater than 3 times the diameter of the hard pipe.

6. The pipe length should be as short as possible to reduce pressure losses, time delays, and vibrations. The main failure form of hard pipes is fatigue failure caused by mechanical vibration, so when the pipes are long, they need to be supported with pipe clamps. The spacing of supports varies with the outer diameter of the pipe, and is generally selected within the range of 0.4 to 1m. Adding pipe clamp support not only cushions vibration, but also reduces noise. In pipes with elbows, the straight pipe sections at both ends of the elbow should be fixed with support pipe clamps. When connecting to hoses, the hard pipe sections should be supported with pipe clamps.

2、 Hose installation and layout principles

When installing hoses, various connector elements should be used correctly to avoid excessive bending of the hoses. The hose must not withstand axial forces to avoid damaging the connection between the hose and the connector. Appropriate accessories and connectors should be used correctly to avoid additional pressure. Avoid S-shaped bending when arranging, as S-shaped installation can cause excessive movement of the hose, increase local pressure loss, and reduce its service life.

The length at which the hose begins to bend should be 1.5 times the diameter D; The bending radius of the hose in use should be greater than or equal to the minimum allowable bending radius of the hose, and generally should not be less than 10 times the outer diameter of the hose.

The length of the hose connecting moving parts shall not exceed the minimum radius allowed within its total range of motion, and the hose shall not bear tensile stress.

4. When the components connected to the hose move relative to each other, do not twist the hose. Therefore, the part can only bend in the same plane when moving. This can be achieved by changing the angle of the pipe joint.

"When the hose is bent in different planes, a longer hose is usually used, and a pipe clamp is added at the transition plane to secure the hose.". The pipe clamp actually divides the hose into two sections, each of which bends in its own plane without twisting. If twisting of the hose cannot be avoided in practical applications, the hose should be loosened as much as possible.

3、 Precautions for hose installation

1. Torsion is strictly prohibited. When installing the hose, each tensile stress should disappear after its own weight in the working state (without generating installation stress).

Anti twist assembly techniques: With straight ends at both ends, first fix one end to a predetermined torque, then screw the other end in by hand, and then use a double headed wrench to tighten to the specified torque; At the elbow end and the straight end, gently bring the straight nut into the thread, place the elbow end in the desired position, tighten with the specified torque, and use a double headed wrench to tighten the straight end to the specified torque;

2. Hoses should be equipped with anti mechanical devices as much as possible, and should be installed according to their natural state to avoid sharp bending at the joints.

Correct use of accessories and connectors can avoid additional pressure on the hose.

4. Avoid external damage. External mechanical actions on hoses, friction between hoses and components, and interactions between hoses can be avoided through reasonable configuration and fixation of the hoses. For example, the outer tube is protected by a sheath and equipped with anti abrasive discs.

5. Ensure that the hose has sufficient slack and margin to allow for self adjustment when under pressure. If the hose is too short, it may cause the hose and fittings to fall off, or act on the fittings causing seal failure and metal wear.

6. The use of pipe clamps can increase the stability of pipeline layout and avoid friction between pipelines and equipment. However, the use of pipe clamps should not sacrifice the flexibility of the pipe during compression and movement.

7. Any connection form should consider the minimum bending radius to prevent the hose from breaking due to fatigue effects during operation.